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Math & School

Free math calculators: percentages, fractions, ratios, averages, GCF/LCM, exponents, square roots, quadratic formula, the Pythagorean theorem and more — with steps.

18 calculators Free and online

📌 About Math & School

From figuring a tip to finishing algebra homework, math comes up constantly — and small mistakes are easy to make. This category covers the everyday and the academic: percentages and ratios, fractions, averages and probability, number theory like greatest common factor and least common multiple, powers and roots, scientific notation, the quadratic formula and the Pythagorean theorem.

Every calculator shows the formula and a worked example so you learn the method, not just the answer. They're built to be useful for homework, test prep and real-life math alike — type your numbers and see each step.

  • Work with percentages, fractions and ratios, including simplifying and solving proportions
  • Find the mean, median, mode and range, or a probability for one or more events
  • Compute the GCF and LCM, exponents, square and nth roots, and scientific notation
  • Solve a quadratic equation with the quadratic formula and the discriminant
  • Solve a right triangle with the Pythagorean theorem
  • See the formula and a worked example every time

🧮 Calculators in this category

Powers & Roots

Exponent Calculator — Powers, Negative & Fractional Exponents
Raise any number to any power — whole, negative, decimal or fractional exponents — and see the expanded form with the result worked out step by step.
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Square Root Calculator — Decimal Value & Simplified Radical Form
Find the square root of any number as a decimal and, where possible, in simplified radical form like √72 = 6√2 — plus cube roots and any nth root.
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Scientific Notation Calculator — Convert To & From a × 10^n
Convert any number to proper scientific notation (a × 10^n with 1 ≤ |a| < 10) or expand it back to standard decimal form — plus E-notation and an engineering-notation note.
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Statistics

Average Calculator — Mean, Median, Mode, Range & Sum
Paste a list of numbers and get the mean, median, mode, range, sum and count — the four measures of a data set's center and spread, with every step shown.
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Probability Calculator — A and B, A or B, Not A, At Least Once
Enter the probability of two independent events and get A and B, A or B, not A, neither, exactly one — plus the chance of at least one success over N repeated trials.
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Standard Deviation Calculator — Sample & Population (n−1 vs n)
Paste a list of numbers and get the mean, variance and standard deviation — sample (n−1) or population (n) — with the formula and every step shown.
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Number Theory

GCF Calculator — Greatest Common Factor (GCD) of Two or More Numbers
Enter two or more whole numbers and get the greatest common factor (GCF/GCD), the prime factorization of each, and every common factor they share — with the work shown.
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LCM Calculator — Least Common Multiple of 2 or More Numbers
Enter two or more whole numbers and get their least common multiple (LCM), with the GCD shortcut, prime factorization, and the first shared multiples shown.
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Geometry

Pythagorean Theorem Calculator — Solve a, b or the Hypotenuse c
Enter any two sides of a right triangle and get the third — leg a, leg b, or hypotenuse c — using a² + b² = c², with every step and the area, perimeter and angles shown.
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Algebra

Quadratic Formula Calculator — Solve ax² + bx + c = 0 with Steps
Enter a, b and c to solve any quadratic ax² + bx + c = 0. Get both roots, the discriminant, the vertex and the full worked solution — real, repeated or complex.
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Fractions & Ratios

Ratio Calculator — Simplify, Solve Proportions & Scale Ratios
Simplify a ratio to its lowest terms, solve a proportion A:B = C:x for the missing value, or scale a ratio up or down — with the decimal, percentage and full working shown.
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Grades & GPA

High School GPA Calculator — Weighted & Unweighted (Honors & AP)
Enter each high school class with its letter grade and level (Regular, Honors, AP/IB) to get both your weighted GPA (with Honors/AP bonus) and your unweighted 4.0 GPA.
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Grade Calculator — Points to Percentage and Letter Grade
Enter the points you earned and the points possible to get your grade percentage and letter (A–F), with optional weighted categories for homework, quizzes and tests.
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Final Grade Calculator — What Do I Need on My Final Exam?
Enter your current grade, your target grade for the class, and how much the final is worth — get the exact score you need on the final exam to reach your goal.
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Test Score Calculator — EZ Grader for Questions Right Out of Total
Type how many questions a student got right out of the total and get the percent score, the letter grade, and a quick chart of how many wrong equals what percent.
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GPA Calculator — Weighted Grade Point Average on the 4.0 Scale
Enter each course's letter grade and credit hours to get your weighted GPA on the standard US 4.0 scale, plus total credits and quality points.
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Percentages

Percentage Calculator — Percent Of, Increase, Decrease & % Change
Work out percentages fast: X% of a value, discounts, markups, percent change between two numbers, and reverse percentages.
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Fractions

Fraction Calculator — Add, Subtract, Multiply & Divide Fractions
Add, subtract, multiply, or divide two fractions and get the answer in lowest terms, as a mixed number, and as a decimal — with the steps shown.
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📝 Related articles

Read more about this topic on our blog.

The Quadratic Formula, Explained Step by Step
The quadratic formula x=(-b±√(b²-4ac))/2a solves any quadratic equation. Here's what each part means, how the discriminant predicts your roots, and a full worked example.
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Roman Numerals Explained: How to Read and Write Them
Roman numerals use just seven letters to build any number from 1 to 3,999. Here's how additive and subtractive notation work, with worked examples like 2024 = MMXXIV.
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How to Calculate a Tip (and Split the Bill)
Tipping in the US runs 15-20% for sit-down service. Here's how to calculate a tip fast, whether to tip on the pre-tax or total amount, and how to split a bill evenly with a worked $80 example.
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Cups to mL: A Complete Kitchen Conversion Guide
One US cup equals 236.6 mL, but cup-to-grams depends entirely on the ingredient. Here's the math behind cups, tablespoons, and teaspoons, plus a handy conversion table.
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❓ Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate a percentage of a number?

Multiply the number by the percent divided by 100. For example, 15% of $200 = 200 × 0.15 = $30. The percentage calculator also handles percent change and reverse percentages.

What's the difference between GCF and LCM?

The greatest common factor (GCF) is the largest number that divides into all your values; the least common multiple (LCM) is the smallest number they all divide into. For 4 and 6, the GCF is 2 and the LCM is 12.

How do I use the quadratic formula?

For ax² + bx + c = 0, x = (−b ± √(b² − 4ac)) ÷ 2a. The part under the root, b² − 4ac, is the discriminant: positive gives two real roots, zero gives one, and negative gives two complex roots.

What is the Pythagorean theorem?

In a right triangle, a² + b² = c², where c is the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle). Given any two sides, you can solve for the third — a 3-4-5 triangle is the classic example.